不同处理方式对玫瑰茄插穗生根效果的影响

Effects of Different Cuttings Treatments on Rooting in Roselle

【目的】分析不同处理方式对玫瑰茄插穗生根效果的影响,为玫瑰茄的工厂化育苗和大面积推广应用提供参考依据。【方法】采集玫瑰茄MG1501-1和MG1502-2植株花期和营养生长期主茎的上、中和下部茎段,经生根液处理后分别扦插于河沙、营养土+细黄土=1∶1和粘性土壤3种基质中,以未经生根液处理扦插为对照(CK1~CK6),测定各处理玫瑰茄的生根时间、生根数和愈伤组织产生情况,评价不同处理方式对玫瑰茄插穗生根效果的影响。【结果】在3种基质中,玫瑰茄插穗的生根数排序为河沙>营养土+细黄土>粘性土壤,其中MG1501-1花期插穗经生根液处理后在河沙中生根数最多,达54.53条,显著高于粘性土壤基质(P<0.05,下同),较对应的CK1增加131.85%,但与营养土+细黄土基质差异不显著(P>0.05,下同);MG1501-1营养生长期插穗经生根液处理后在河沙基质中的生根数最多,达44.14条,显著高于粘性土壤基质,但与营养土+细黄土基质差异不显著,较对应的CK3增加16.07%;两个品系玫瑰茄主茎中部插穗在河沙基质中扦插后第3天的生根率最高(93.34%),显著高于粘性土壤基质,而其愈伤组织发生率最低(10.00%),且显著低于营养土+细黄土基质和粘性土壤基质,且长出的根颜色较白;玫瑰茄MG1501-1花期和营养生长期主茎中部插穗经生根液处理,在河沙中扦插14 d后生根数均最多,分别为22.88和22.16条,分别较CK1和CK3增加106.31%和29.42%,分别显著高于相同处理主茎的上部插穗及显著高于相同处理的上部和下部插穗。【结论】选取营养生长期或花期玫瑰茄MG1501-1植株主茎中部为插穗,在生根液中浸泡20 min后于河沙基质中扦插,生根效果优于其他处理方式。

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the effects on different cuttings treatments of rooting in roselle,which can provide reference for factory seedling cultivation and large-scale promotion and application of roselle.【Method】The cuttings in the upper,the middle and the lower segments of the main stem under the flowering period and the vegetative growth period of MG1501-1 and MG1502-2 were used as test materials.These materials treated with rooting agent and water(CK1-CK6)were planted in the river sand,nutritive soil∶fine loess substrate=1∶1 and field clay substrate.The effects of different cuttings rooting in roselle were evaluated based on the rooting time,the rooting number and callus induction.【Result】The rooting amount of cuttings of three different substrates was as follows:The river sand>nutritive soil+fine loess substrate>field clay.For the cuttings of the flowering period,the number of roots was the most under the rooting agent treatments of MG1501-1 planted in the river sand substrate.The number of roots was up to 54.53.It was significantly higher than the field clay substrate(P<0.05,the same as below),increased by 130.57%compared with the corresponding CK1,but no significant difference with nutritive soil+fine loess substrate(P>0.05,the same below).For the cuttings of the vegetative growth period,the number of roots was the most under the rooting agent treatments of MG1501-1 planted in the river sand substrate.The number of roots was up to 44.14.It was significantly higher than the field clay substrate,but no significant difference with nutritive soil+fine loess substrate,and increased by 16.07%compared with the corresponding CK3.On the third day of cutting,the highest rooting rate(93.34%)and the lowest callus-generated rate(10.00%)were found in the middle cuttings of the main stem of roselle,which were significantly higher than clay substrate and significantly lower than roselle respectively,and the root color was white.For the middle segment of the flowering period and the vegetative growth period,the number of roots was the most under the rooting agent treatments of MG1501-1 planted in river sand substrate after 14 days,the number of roots were respectively up to 22.88 and 22.61.They were respectively increased by 106.31%compared with CK1 and increased by 25.42%compared with CK3.They were respectively significantly higher than the upper cuttings of the same treatment and significantly higher than the upper and the lower cuttings of the same treatment.【Conclusion】Based on the above results,the best cuttage rooting mode of roselle MG1501-1 was selecting the plants in the vegetative growth period or the flowering period for picking,selecting the middle segment of softwood cuttings under the treatments of rooting agent 20 min and carrying out the cuttage rooting in the river sand substrate.