云南地区不同基因型蜡梅花香气成分分析

Analysis of Aromatic Components from Different Genotypes of Chimonanthus praecox in Yunnan Province

【目的】结合蜡梅的表型性状研究云南地区蜡梅花香,为云南地区蜡梅开发医药、天然香料,品种优选、鉴定及进一步代谢研究提供参考。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)和气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)技术,并运用主成分分析和聚类分析对8个基因型的蜡梅花香气组分和含量进行对比分析。【结果】从供试材料中鉴定出56种香气成分,主要为罗勒烯、苯甲醇、乙酸苄酯、丁香酚等;萜烯类物质是蜡梅花香气的主要成分;8个基因型蜡梅花可分为4类,第一类包括HLT015、HLT016;第二类包括XL002、XL003,第三类包括HLT012、HLT017、HLT040,第四类包括XL014,而综合品质较好的红心品种为XL002、XL003,素心品种为HLT040。【结论】蜡梅花不同基因型间具有独特香味,这不仅与主要成分中的罗勒烯类型有关,还有可能与萜烯类、酯类、醇类和烷烃类等种类含量、比例变化有关。

【Objective】The analysis of the floral fragrance and phenotypic traits of C.praecox could provide reference for the further development and utilization of C.praecox in field of medicine,variety identification and metabolism research.【Method】The aromatic components and their contents in eight genotypes of C.praecox were detected by headspace solid phase micro extraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(GC-MS)methods.【Result】A total of 56 aromatic components were identified from the eight varieties of C.praecox,including in Ocimene,Benzyl alcohol,Benzyl acetate,Eugenol etc.,terpenes,esters and alcohols were mainly components of C.praecox,eight genotypes of C.praecox could be divided into four groups,HLT015 and HLT016 were gathered for group I,XL002 and XL003 were gathered for groupⅡ,HLT012,HLT017 and HLT040 were gathered for groupⅢ,XL014 was groupⅣ.【Conclusion】C.praecox in blossoming had unique fragrance among different varieties,which were not only related to the type of Ocimene,but also influenced by the content ratio of terpenes,esters,alcohols and other aromatic components.