西北太平洋上三个爆发性气旋的对比分析和数值模拟研究

Comparative Analyses and Numerical Modeling Study of Three Explosive Extratropical Cyclones over the Northwestern Pacific

利用FNL(Final Analysis)再分析资料对西北太平洋上三个爆发性气旋,即2007年11月18—21日的OJ(Okhotsk-Japan Sea Type)型,2012年1月10—13日的PO-O(Pacific Ocean-ocean Type)型,以及2014年3月28—31日的PO-L(Pacific Ocean-land Type)型,进行了分析,结果表明:不同类型气旋由于其发生、发展位置不同使得气旋的水平结构和垂直结构存在差异。利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式的非绝热加热试验表明,潜热释放和表面热通量对不同类型爆发性气旋个例的贡献不同,对PO-O型和PO-L型气旋个例潜热释放的贡献更大,而对OJ型气旋个例表面热通量的贡献更大。海温敏感性试验表明,海温升高或降低对气旋移动路径影响较小,海温升高使气旋进一步加深,而海温降低使气旋相对减弱。

In this paper,three explosive cyclones over the Northwestern Pacific,namely OJ type(Okhotsk-Japan Sea type)from 18 to 21 November,2007,PO-O type(Pacific Ocean-Ocean type)on 13 January 2012,and PO-L type(Pacific Ocean-Land type)on 28 March,2014,were analyzed by using FNL(Final Analysis)reanalysis data.The results showed that different types of cyclones have different horizontal and vertical structures due to their different locations of occurrence and development.The diabatic heating experiments using WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)model showed that the contributions of latent heat release and surface heat flux to different explosive cyclones may be different.For PO-O type and PO-L type cyclones,the contribution of latent heat release may be greater,while for OJ type cyclones,the contribution of surface heat flux may be greater.SST(sea surface temperature)sensitivity test showed that the SST increase or decrease had little influence on the moving path of cyclones.The SST increase made the cyclone deepen,while the SST decrease made the cyclone weaken.