“当作”类判断动词的句法语义框架和主观性差异考察

The Syntactic and Semantic Framework of Judgment Verbs like“dangzuo”(当作)and Their Subjectivity

本研究通过实际语料的统计分析,从句式分布、句法结构、认知和语义等方面考察了判断动词“当作”“当成”“看作”“看成”“作为”和“视为”的句法语义框架和主观性差异。统计和分析的结果显示:“当作”“当成”“看作”“看成”都是典型的“把”字句倾向类判断动词。在句法结构上,“当作”和“当成”相似,“看作”和“看成”相似,“作为”和“视为”相似,三对词呈互补分布状态。通过对六个词的等值转换模式、位移方向及语义倾向的分析,得到这六个词的主观性从强到弱大致为:视为>看成、看作>当作、当成、作为。

Based on the statistical analysis of copus,this study examines the syntactic and semantic framework and subjective differences of the judgment verbs“dangzuo”(当作),“dangcheng”(当成),“kanzuo”(看作),“kancheng”(看成),“zuowei”(作为)and“shiwei”(视为).The results show that:“dangzuo”(当作),“dangcheng”(当成),“kanzuo”(看作),“kancheng”(看成)are typical“ba”(把)construction orenented verbs.In syntactic structure,“dangzuo”(当作)and“dangcheng”(当成)are similar,“kanzuo”(看作)and“kancheng”(看成)are similar,“zuowei”(作为)and“shiwei”(视为)are similar,and the three pairs of words are in complementary distribution.According to the e⁃quivalency mode,displacement direction and semantic tendency,the subjectivity of these words is(from strong to weak):“shiwei”(视为)>“kancheng”(看成),“kanzuo”(看作)>“dangzuo”(当作),“dangcheng”(当成),“zuowei”(作为).