上海市典型住宅区生活空间结构模式研究

Living space structural pattern of typical residential areas in Shanghai

随着上海市社会阶层分化与居住空间分异日益明显,不同住宅区的复杂背景和多元属性塑造了多样化的生活空间,折射出不同的生活方式与生活质量。论文选取253个典型住宅区作为研究样本,利用以手机信令数据为主、问卷调查数据为辅的研究方法,探究上海市典型住宅区的生活空间的结构模式。分析得出典型住宅区生活性活动的范围和边界、主要集聚区和通道。范围和边界主要通过活动的核心区域和稳定区域加以描述,主要集聚区主要为城市的主中心、住宅区最近的副中心及住宅区近距离圈层;通道则为轨道交通线路。根据其特征进行分类和总结,共划分出4个大类、15个小类的住宅区生活空间结构模式。探究典型住宅区的生活空间的结构,对生活圈建设、城市中心体系规划、交通设施建设等规划政策的制定具有现实意义。

China is in a period of comprehensive transformation of economic and social developments.Urban development has shifted from expansion to focusing on the improvement of quality,and gradually began to focus on the quality of life of residents.Living space has become an important factor reflecting the quality of urban development.With the increasingly clear social class stratification and residential space differentiation in Shanghai,the complex background and multiple attributes of different residential areas shape a variety of living spaces,reflecting different life styles and quality of life.This study selected 253 typical residential areas as the research samples,and used mobile signaling data,supplemented by questionnaire survey data,to explore the structural pattern of living space of typical residential areas in Shanghai.Both the mobile signaling data and the questionnaire survey data were used to calculate the scope and boundary of daily activities,as well as the main nodes and channels of the activity network.It is found that the main center,subcenters,and other urban centers attract residents'daily activities and thus become nodes of the network;while rail transit makes activities extend and spread and become channels of activities by shortening travel time cost.The influence degree of urban centers and rail transit stations on residential areas can basically explain the spatial distribution of daily activities.Under the influence of these factors,15 typical structural patterns have been formed.Among them,the main center has medium-strong influence,the subcenters have medium influence,and the structural mode of rail transit has the highest influence.Exploring the structure of living space in typical residential areas is of practical significance for the development of planning policies such as life circle construction,urban center system planning,and transportation facility construction.