论苏轼“防疫”“治疫”思想

Su Shi’s Thought of Epidemic Prevention and Treatment

苏轼不仅学识渊博,而且热心医事。在其几次被贬南方期间,多遇时疫,因有着丰富的防疫经验和有效的治疫措施,才得屡救民于危难之中。具体来看:即疫前积极推广药方,注重卫生饮水,防患于未然;疫时将亲历所见如实上报,请求朝廷援助,同时设置病坊开展自救,并借助僧人力量筹集募捐协助抗疫;疫后恳请朝廷蠲免赋税进行赈恤,恢复民生,并要求问责治疫不力者,整肃官风,以保证日后国家权力正常运转。而今,这些宝贵的经验亦科学合理,对于疫情的预防救治工作仍具借鉴意义。

Su Shi was not only knowledgeable,but was also enthusiastic about medicine during his several times of being demoted to the south of the country. Many times as Su Shi encountered the epidemic,he had accumulated rich experience in epidemic prevention and in taking effective measures to control the epidemic,just as he repeatedly rescued the people in the crisis. To be more specific,he actively promoted the prescription before the epidemic,paid attention to sanitation and drinking water,nipped in the green. At the time of the epidemic,people concerned will report what they see by themselves and request the court to help them. At the same time,they will set up a workshop to help themselves and help the monks raise funds to aid the fighting of the epidemic. It is necessary to exempt the court from tax to make relief after the epidemic,to restore people’s livelihood,and to hold those who are ineffective in the treatment of the epidemic to be accountable so as to eliminate official customs and conduct and to ensure the normal operation of state power in the future.Up to the present,as these valuable experiences are scientific and reasonable,they can be used for references in the prevention and treatment of the epidemic.