21世纪以来抗战前后广东粮食问题研究述论

Review of Grain Problems in Guangdong Province before and after the Anti Japanese War Since the 21 Century

抗战前后广东粮食问题受到学界的广泛关注。21世纪以来,相关的成果较为丰硕,大体分为战前、战时与战后三个阶段。抗战前夕粤省粮食不能自足,须靠外运国米与洋米补充。这一时期,广东粮食问题研究成果较集中,主要涉及抗战前夕洋米征税和粮食政策问题等。抗战时期,面对日伪经济封锁,粤省府为解决粮荒问题出台了相关的政策与措施。战时的粮食问题研究较为全面,粮食政策、流通、民食与粮食救济问题等均有涉及。抗战胜利后内战纷起,面对饥荒与战争,粤省府效果微弱的粮食管制政策使国民党失去其在大陆统治的最后一个省份。战后的广东粮食研究相对比较薄弱,主要关注战后的粮荒和粮食救济问题,成果较少。总体而言,宏观性的研究较多,微观性的考察稍显不足。

Before and after the Anti-Japanese War,the problem of grain in Guangdong was widely concerned by the academic community. Since the 21 st century,relevant achievements have been fruitful. It can be roughly divided into three stages:pre-war,wartime and post-war:before the Anti-Japanese War,the grain of Guangdong Province could not be self-sufficient,and it must be supplemented by the export of national rice and foreign rice. During this period,the research results on grain issue in Guangdong were relatively concentrated,mainly related to the taxation of foreign rice and grain policy before the Anti-Japanese war. During the Anti-Japanese War,with the Japanese and puppet economic blockade,the Guangdong provincial government issued relevant policies and measures to solve the problem of food shortage. In wartime,the research on grain issue was comprehensive,involving grain policy,circulation,civil food and food relief. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War,the civil war broke out. In the face of famine and war,the weak grain control policy of Guangdong provincial government made the Kuomintang lose its last province in the mainland. After the World War II,Guangdong’s food research was relatively weak,mainly focusing on the food shortage and food relief after the war,with few achievements. Generally speaking,there are more macroscopic researches,but less microscopic ones.