王充文体意识的文学史价值——以“论”体为中心

The Value of Wang Chong’s Style Consciousness in the Literary History——Based on the Style of“Lun”(Argumentation)

王充对“论”体的讨论表明,他具备了初步的文体意识,具有一定程度的文体自觉。王充“论”体文具有“杂”与“浅”的特征,有其独特的文化意味。“杂”与汉代讲经风气有关,“浅”是王充用来教化民众的言说策略。王充“论”体意识的文学史价值涉及三个方面:第一,在唐前“论”体文由侧重文体实践到注重文体理论的发展过程中,王充的“论”体意识起到了过渡作用;第二,从作者与文体的关系角度来看,王充的“论”体意识初步表明文体与作者之间存在“双向选择”的关系;第三,王充对“论”体功能的改造,反映了文体功能随文学思潮转移转变的文学发展特征。

It can be seen from Wang Chong’s description of the style of“Lun”(argumentation)that he had a preliminary consciousness of style.Lun Heng is characterized by its miscellany and shallowness,while it goes beyond the stylistic category and has its unique cultural meaning.The characteristic of miscellany is related to the prevailing atmosphere of lectures in the Han Dynasty,and the characteristic of shallowness is the strategy Wang Chong used to educate people.The value of Wang Chong’s style consciousness in the literary history involves three aspects.First,Wang Chong’s style consciousness plays a transitional role in the development process of the“Lun”style from its focus on stylistic practice to stylistic theory in the early Tang Dynasty.Second,from the perspective of the relationship between author and style,Wang Chong’s style consciousness preliminarily shows that the relationship between style and author is a two-way choice relationship.Third,Wang Chong’s reform in the function of the“Lun”style reflects that the function of style changes with the trend of literary thought.