基于空间优先级的福州市中心城区绿色基础设施网络构建

Construction of green infrastructure network based on spatial priority in downtown of Fuzhou,China

在城市用地极为紧张、生态环境保护遇到严峻挑战之际,如何高效构建绿色基础设施(GI)网络并识别相对重要的景观生态要素显得尤为重要。本研究以福州市中心城区为例,基于形态学空间格局分析方法与景观连通性评价对GI网络中心进行识别及优先级划分,使用最小成本路径及重力模型等方法提取各级潜在廊道,并利用密度分析和盲区分析对GI节点进行提取及优先级划分,得到优化后的GI网络。结果表明:福州市中心城区一级网络中心主要分布于南北两侧,中部网络中心面积小且分散,景观综合阻力呈现外围低、中间高的趋势,整体连通性较差;利用现状廊道及潜在廊道构建的GI廊道体系有效增强了网络中心之间的连通性;提取GI节点为物质能量流通提供"中转站",可改善部分区域存在基质阻力过大、连接廊道过长等问题。GI要素的空间优先级划分,使得GI网络的构建更加科学,可为未来福州市市域GI网络规划期限与建设时序提供参考。

Given the facts that urban land is extremely limited and ecological environment protection is confronted with severe challenges,it is of great importance to effectively construct green infrastructure(GI)network and identify relatively important landscape ecological components.We identified and prioritized GI network centers in Fuzhou downtown area using the MSPA and the landscape connectivity evaluation.The least cost path method and gravity model were used to construct the potential corridors at multiple levels.The density analysis and blind area analysis were used to extract and prioritize the GI nodes and to obtain the optimized GI network.The results showed that the first-level GI network centers were mainly distributed in the north and south of Fuzhou downtown,while those in the central region were small and scattered.The comprehensive resistance of landscape was low in the periphery but high in the middle,with poor integral connectivity.The GI corridor system with existing corridors and potential corridors was employed to enhance the connectivity among network centers.Furthermore,the GI nodes were extracted to provide a"transfer station"for material circulation and energy flow,which could partly solve the problems including excessive substrate resistance and the long connection corridor in some areas.The spatial prioritization of GI elements could make the construction of GI network more scientific and also provide reference for the future planning period and construction timing of GI network in Fuzhou.