酸枣不同部位的化学成分及产品开发现状

Summary of the chemical composition of different parts of wild jujube and the current status of product development

酸枣仁的加工过程繁琐,会产生大量的副产品,由于条件和技术落后,目前大多数加工过程产生的副产物被丢弃,无法充分利用,导致大量资源缺乏有效利用途径而废弃和浪费。近年来研究表明,酸枣除酸枣仁药用外,酸枣叶、酸枣果肉、酸枣根、酸枣皮、酸枣核等含有大量具有生物活性和保健作用的物质。因此,酸枣活性成分的有效提取和非药用部位的综合利用问题迫在眉睫,近些年有研究者利用酸枣的非药用部位开发保健产品和食品,来达到中药资源综合利用的目的。笔者等综述近二十余年国内的在该方面取得成果,并且对酸枣综合开发方面提出建议,以期对酸枣的应用研究和综合开发提供相关参考。

Wild jujube is a wild-distributed medicinal plant resource in low mountains and hills in northern my country.The traditional medicine part is jujube seed. The processing process of wild jujube kernels is cumbersome. The processes of picking,drying,washing the meat,drying,breaking the nucleus,and sorting kernels will produce a large number of by-products. Due to the backward conditions and technology,most of the by-products produced in the current processing process It is discarded and cannot be fully utilized,resulting in a large amount of resources being discarded and lost due to lack of effective utilization methods. In recent years,studies have shown that wild jujube is a treasure. In addition to the medicinal use of wild jujube seeds,wild jujube leaves,wild jujube pulp,wild jujube root,wild jujube skin,wild jujube nucleus and other substances contain a large number of substances with biological activity and health care effects. Various parts of the plant have been studied on the chemical components and proved to have certain biological activity. The effective extraction of active ingredients of wild jujube and the comprehensive utilization of non-medicinal parts are imminent. In recent years,researchers have used the non-medicinal parts of wild jujube to develop health products and food to achieve the purpose of comprehensive utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. This article collected and summarized the domestic achievements in this field in the past two decades,and provides suggestions on the comprehensive development of wild jujube,with a view to the application of wild jujube provide relevant reference for research and comprehensive development.