老挝岳乌和邦耐县蚊虫种类及栖息习性调查研究

An investigation of mosquito species and perching habit in Yuewu and Bangnai counties of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic

目的了解老挝人民民主共和国(老挝)岳乌和邦耐县的蚊虫种类组成及栖息习性等,为蚊虫分类和虫媒传染病防治等提供依据。方法于2019年6月21-29日、7月8-11日,在老挝岳乌和邦耐县的人房及畜房内采用诱蚊灯通宵诱捕成蚊,在体式显微镜下通过形态学分类鉴定成蚊种类并计数;同时采用勺舀法采集幼蚊,采集到的幼蚊饲养至成蚊并制作针插标本。结果通过诱蚊灯共诱捕到2亚科8亚属32种(亚种)17053只蚊虫;其中库蚊亚科蚊种数量占捕蚊总数的89.66%(15290/17053),岳乌和邦耐县的优势蚊种均为三带喙库蚊,分别占各地捕获蚊虫总数的82.03%(13719/16724)和41.95%(138/329);两地蚊密度依次为232.28和10.28只/(灯·夜);通过勺舀法共采集到3种蚊种,分别为库蚊亚科轲蚊属吕宋小蚊、骚扰蚊属乳点伊蚊和库蚊属短须库蚊。结论老挝岳乌和邦耐县的蚊虫种类十分丰富,三带喙库蚊为当地优势蚊种,栖息场所以畜房为主。

Objective To investigate the composition and perching habit of mosquito species in Yuewu and Bangnai counties of The Lao People’s Democratic Republic(Laos),and to provide a basis for the classification of mosquito species and the prevention and treatment of insect-borne infectious diseases.Methods In June 21-29 and July 8-11,2019,the mosquito trap lamp was used to collect adult mosquitoes in human and livestock houses in Yuewu and Bangnai counties of Laos,and the species and number of adult mosquitoes were determined by morphological taxonomic identification under a stereomicroscope.At the same time,the spoon method was used to collect the larvae,which were fed to adult mosquitoes and were used to make pinned specimens.Results A total of 17053 mosquitoes,belonging to32 species in 8 subgenera and 2 subfamilies,were collected by mosquito trap lamp,among which Culex subfamily accounted for 89.66%(15290/17053)of total mosquitoes.Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the dominant mosquito species in Yuewu and Bangnai counties,which accounted for 82.03%(13719/16724)and 41.95%(138/329),respectively,of all mosquitoes in these two counties.The mosquito density was 232.28 and 10.28 mosquitoes/lamp·night,respectively,in Yuewu and Bangnai counties.Three species of mosquitoes were collected by the spoon method,namely,Mimomyia(Etorleptiomyia)luzonensis(Ludlow,1905),Aedes(Collessius)macfarlanei(Edwards,1914),and Cx.(Eumelanomyia)brevipalis(Giles,1902).Conclusion There are abundant mosquito species in Yuewu and Bangnai counties of Laos,with Cx.tritaeniorhynchus as the dominant mosquito species in these regions,and livestock houses are the main habitat of mosquitoes.