我国家庭教育政策历史进程的文本分析与启示

A Text Analysis on the Historical Development of China’s Family Education Policies

采用定性与定量结合的研究方法,系统梳理了40年来我国家庭教育政策的发展脉络与特征。改革开放后,我国家庭教育政策经历了恢复、普及、发展和转型四个阶段;根据对政策文本关键词的定量研究,其频率随时间推移呈波动性变化,但其线性结果呈上升趋势,且家庭教育在整个教育体系中所占比重显著上升;不同阶段、不同政策类型中关键词出现的频率差异显著,家庭教育专项政策能有效提高人们对家庭教育的关注度。这启示我们,新时代家庭教育政策设计与践行必须与时俱进,以构建社会心理服务体系为基础,以健全家庭教育服务与评估为保障,以提升家校合育和家长素质为根本,才能使家庭教育政策落地生根、开花结果。

This paper combines qualitative and quantitative methods to sort out and analyze the development and characteristics of China’s family education policies in the past 40 years. After the reform and opening-up,China’s family education policiescan be divided into four stages,namely recovery,popularization,development and transformation. According to the quantitative research on the keywords of the policy texts,its frequency changes with time,but its linear result shows an upward trend,and the proportion of family education in the whole education system has increased significantly. In addition,significant differences exist in the frequency of the keywords in different stages and different types of policies.Special policies on family education can effectively improve people’s attention to family education. In the new era,the design and implementation of family education policies must be founded upon the construction of social psychological service system. At the same time,it is important to take measures to improve familyschool cooperative education and parents’ quality in order to guarantee family education service and evaluation.