鱼道进口诱鱼技术研究进展

Research progress on the technique of fish attracting in fishway entrance

鱼道进口设置是否合理是鱼道设计和建设的关键。不同的环境条件会使鱼类产生不同的行为特征,合理利用影响鱼类游泳行为特征的水流、声、光、气泡幕等环境因子对提高鱼道进口诱鱼效果具有重要作用。本文聚焦水流、声、光、气泡幕诱鱼技术,归纳了影响各诱鱼技术的主要因素,从鱼类行为学方面总结了相关研究成果。目前诱鱼研究多以理论基础研究为主,在实际工程中应用较少,因此迫切需要加强各诱鱼技术的野外应用,构建集水流、声、光、气泡幕等诱鱼方法为一体化的集诱鱼技术,以达到更加高效的鱼道进口集诱鱼效果。

Reasonable setting of fishway entrance is the key to design and construction of fishway.Different environmental conditions affect swimming behaviors of fish.Reasonable utilization of environmental factors(flow,sound,light and bubble curtains)plays an important role in improving the efficiency of fish attraction in fishway.This review focused on the techniques of flow,sound,light and bubble curtains,summarized the main factors affecting the techniques of fish attracting and the related research results of fish behaviors.The previous studies on fish attraction mainly focus on the theoretical basis,but have been seldom applied in practical engineering.Therefore,there is an urgent need to reinforce the field application of various techniques of fish attracting and establish comprehensive techniques of fish collecting and attracting,including flow,sound,light,and bubble curtains.These efforts will facilitate improving the efficiency of fish collecting and attracting on fishway entrance.