多尺度静电纺丝纤维的制备及其浸润性研究

Fabrication and Research on Wettability of Multi-scale Electrospinning Fibers

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和四氢呋喃(THF)为溶剂,利用静电纺丝法,通过调控溶液浓度、溶剂配比和喷丝孔径等条件制备不同形貌的聚苯乙烯(PS)电纺纤维膜。对所制备的纤维膜进行扫描电子显微镜、浸润性及透湿性表征,探究不同实验条件下纤维膜形貌与其浸润性及透湿性能的关联。结果表明:以纯DMF作为溶剂,当纺丝液中PS质量分数为5%时,纤维膜形貌为均匀分布的完全"珠状"颗粒;以DMF和THF作为混合溶剂并调控其配比,随着溶剂中DMF比例的减少,珠状结构逐渐变成纺锤状最终形成直径均匀、表面光滑的纤维。进一步研究发现:当PS在纯溶剂DMF中的质量分数为5%时,随着喷丝孔径增大,膜中微球数量减少但直径不变;随着PS含量的增加,膜中微球减少纤维增多,而且纤维分布均匀且直径较大。当溶剂DMF和THF质量配比为8:2,PS质量分数为15%时,纤维膜具有良好的疏水性能和透湿性能。

Taking N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) and Tetrahydrofuran(THF) as the solvent,polystyrene fibrous membranes with different morphologies were prepared by electrospinning method via adjusting the solution concentration,solvent ratio and inner diameter of the electrospinning nozzles.In order to explore the relationship between the morphology of fibrous membrane prepared under different experiment environments and its wettability and moisture permeability,the fibrous membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,water contact angle and moisture permeability.The results show that when the concentration of PS is 5% in pure DMF solvent,the morphology of membrane is "bead-like" particles with uniform distribution.And when DMF solvent is combined with THF,the appearance is changed from porous spindles to uniform and smooth fibers with the decrease of DMF ratio in the solvent.Further research finds that,when the concentration of PS is 5% in pure DMF solvent,the number of microspheres in the membrane decreases(but the diameter of microspheres remains unchanged) with the increasing of electrospinning nozzle’ s diameter.With the increase of the concentration of PS,the number of microspheres in the membrane decreases and the number of fibers increases,and the fibers have a larger diameter and uniform distribution.When PS content is 15% in DMF/THF(solvent mass ratio is 8:2) solvent,the membrane exhibits good hydrophobicity and excellent moisture permeability.