重点区域林地时空变化特征及驱动力分析

Analysis of spatial and temporal change characteristics of forest land and its driving forces in key areas

针对林地的保护与建设问题,选取我国3大林区中林地面积占辖区比最高的黑龙江省、广西壮族自治区和云南省,结合土地利用遥感监测数据和社会经济数据,采用土地利用变化动态度、聚类分析、核密度估计、主成分分析等方法,进行像元尺度的长时序林地时空变化及驱动力研究。结果表明:1)1980—2015年,黑龙江、广西和云南的林地面积均为净减少,黑龙江省的净减少面积最大;2)该3省(自治区)的林地转化集中在林地和耕地、草地之间,在林地二级类型转化中,有林地的变化最为明显;3)该3省(自治区)林地空间分布的集聚程度35年来均未发生较大波动,林地退化区域集中且范围较小;4)城镇化率和交通发展水平、经济发展水平是影响林地面积变化的主要驱动力。本研究为林地资源的监测、管理和可持续发展提供参考。

Forest land plays an important role in the construction of national ecological civilization.In view of the protection and construction of forest land,Heilongjiang Province,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province with the highest proportion of forest land area in the three major forest regions of China were selected.Based on the remote sensing monitoring data of land use and socio-economic data,the spatial-temporal changes analysis and driving force analysis of forest land with long time series at pixel scale were studied by using land use change dynamics,cluster analysis,nuclear density estimation and principal component analysis.The results showed that:1)From 1980 to 2015,the forest land area of Heilongjiang,Guangxi and Yunnan all decreased,and the area of Heilongjiang Province decreased the most.2)The transformation of forest land in three provinces was concentrated between forest land,cultivated land and grass land.Among the conversion of second classification,the change of forest land was the most obvious.3)There was no significant fluctuation in the degree of spatial distribution of forest land in three provinces over the past 35 years,and the forest land degradation area was concentrated and small in scope.4)The urbanization rate,transportation development level and economic development level were the main driving forces affecting the change of forest.This study provided reference for the monitoring,management and sustainable development of forest resources.