石鼓山商周墓地出土青铜容器的科学分析与研究

Scientific Analysis and Research on the Bronze Vessels Discovered at the Shang-Zhou Period Cemetery of Shigushan

本文采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱仪对陕西省宝鸡市石鼓山商周墓地出土的青铜容器进行了科学分析。结果表明,石鼓山青铜容器均为铸造而成,未见锻造工艺使用;石鼓山青铜容器的材质包括铜锡二元合金、铜锡铅三元合金以及铜铅二元合金三种,而且材质类型与器物的文化属性存在明显的关联性。本文的研究成果对于深入认识商周之际青铜制作技术的发展变化具有重要意义。

This research applied metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM)as well as energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)to the scientific analysis of the bronze vessels discovered from the Shang-and-Zhou dynasties cemetery at the Shigushan site,Baoji city,Shaanxi province.The results show that the bronze vessels were all cast.There was no evidence of forging technique being applied to produce these vessels.The alloy recipes of the bronze vessels include copper-tin alloy,copper-tin-lead alloy,and copper-lead alloy.There was a pronounced correlation between the alloy and cultural attribute of the bronze vessels.Our research makes a significant contribution to a deeper understanding of the development of bronze casting technology during the transitional period between the Shang and Zhou dynasties.