新型电动汽车空调热泵系统采暖性能实验研究

Experimental Study on Heating Performance of New Electric Vehicle Heat Pump Air Conditioning System

为了降低PTC在加热条件下下对续航里程的影响,热泵系统是目前效率最高的解决方案。电动汽车利用热泵系统为车厢供热的方法在寒冷气候条件下具有显著优势,可以大大提高汽车在冬季的行驶里程,并以可接受的成本和运行可靠性取代PTC加热器。本文提出了一种新设计的三换热器电动汽车热泵系统,并对其进行实验研究。在环境温度为-10~0℃区间的工况条件下,通过实验采集系统零部件的温度和压力、出风温度、计算制热量和COP,对本设计系统在冬季气候条件下的性能和能效进行分析。结果表明,本文所提的电动汽车热泵空调系统方案,既可增加整车续航里程,又能提供较高的制热量满足车厢舒适性。评估了冬季条件下两种制热方式对汽车续航里程的影响,提出了使用热泵系统的电动汽车行驶里程比使用PTC加热器的提高25%~31%。

In order to reduce the influence of PTC on mileage under heating conditions,heat pump system is the most efficient solution at present.Electric vehicles using heat pump system to heat cars have significant advantages under cold weather conditions,which can greatly improve the mileage of vehicles in winter and replace PTC heaters with acceptable cost and operational reliability.In this paper,a newly designed three-heat exchanger electric vehicle heat pump system is proposed,and its experimental research is carried out.Under the condition that the ambient temperature is-10~0℃,the performance and energy efficiency of the design system under winter climate conditions are analyzed by experimentally collecting the temperature and pressure of the components of the system,the outlet air temperature,calculating the heating capacity and COP.The results show that the electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system proposed in this paper can not only increase the mileage of the whole vehicle,but also provide a higher heating capacity to meet the comfort of the car.An evaluation was made of the influence of two heating modes on the vehicle range in winter.The driving range of electric vehicle using heat pump system was increased by 25-31%compared with that of PTC heater.