巴西放射性废物处理的历史进程及现状分析

Analysis on the Historical Process and Present Situation of Radioactive Waste Treatment in Brazil

随着巴西国家核工业的迅速发展,伴随着大量放射性废物的产生,安全有效的处理放射性废物是当前巴西核工业可持续发展的重要问题之一。本文阐述了巴西国家核工业发展历程,从铀矿开采、燃料元件加工、反应堆运行等方向梳理了巴西核工业放射性废物的来源,系统地介绍了巴西核工业政策法规、核研机构研究主体、不同形态放射性废物处理现状,为拉美国家核工业相关研究提供一定的参考价值。

With the rapid development of Brazil's nuclear industry which generatesmassof radioactive waste,safe and effective disposal of radioactive waste is one of the important issues for the sustainable development of Brazil's nuclear industry.In this study,the development history of Brazil's nuclear industry is elaborated.The sources of radioactive waste in Brazil's nuclear industry are summarized from the aspects of uranium mining,fuel element processing and reactor operation.The policies and regulations of Brazil's nuclear industry,the research subjects of nuclear research institutions,and the status quo of radioactive waste treatment in different forms are systematically introduced.Our investigation provides a certain reference for the related research of nuclear industry in Latin America.