中国公司法的立法技术革新——以立法技术瑕疵评估为中心

The Renovation of Legislative Techniques for Chinese Company Law

立法技术问题是商法学问题中的一种独立类型。我国现行公司法虽历经5次修改,但立法技术瑕疵仍然存在。循立法技术的法定标准和理论评价标尺,我国现行公司法上存在的立法技术瑕疵可归为4类:其一,法条漏洞、法条赘文等条文层面的技术瑕疵;其二;体系遗漏、引致漏洞、一般规范与特别规范的顺位失当、条文编排脉络失序等体系性技术瑕疵;其三,语言技术瑕疵;其四,延续技术瑕疵。从效用目标来看,立法技术目标包括明确规范意涵、避免体系冲突、便利法律适用等基本价值目标以及实现立法美学、承载良法善治等进阶价值目标。基于此,此次公司法结构性修改不仅应当着力于公司法规范在制度理性层面的进一步完善,亦应当力除前述类型的立法技术弊病,从而迈向形式体系与实质规范协调共生的公司法规范体系。

Legislative techniques is a unique issue regarding commercial law.Although the Chinese Company Law has been revised 5 times,the flaws in legislative techniques can be observed from aspects:First,loopholes and redundant articles on the level of provisions;Second,system loopholes and disordered articles arrangement;Third,language defects;and Fourth,successive technical defects.Based on the utility goal of legislation revision,legislative techniques of the basic goal include clarifying the meaning of norms,avoiding system conflicts,facilitating the application of law,while the advanced goal involves realizing legislative aesthetics,facilitating good laws and implementing good governance.Thus,the structural revision of the Chinese Company Law should focus on not only improving the quality of the Chinese Company Law in terms of institutional rationality,but also eliminating the technical defects in legislation as mentioned above so as to construct a coherent company legal system in which the formative and the substantial normative features are consistent with each other.