赛珍珠跨国书写中的女性口述与文化记忆

Female Oral Tradition and Cultural Memory in Pearl S.Buck's Transnational Writing

赛珍珠在中美两种文化的滋养下长大,跨文化的口述环境不仅给她提供了长久的文学滋养,而且使她的写作突出呈现了东西方文化焦灼对话带来的对全人类共同命运,特别是女性命运的关注与思考。赛珍珠对中国文化与文学的贡献源于她对社会底层人民视点的关注,对文学创作大众性的坚持,以及通过跨文化创作“横向”为男权文化压抑下的中国女性“代言”的决心。在她的中国书写中,女性通过通俗化与生活化的口述形式将传统文化与伦理价值观渗透到日常生活中,不仅展示出对文化记忆的独特传承功能,而且突破了男权话语的垄断,进而成功地解构了西方男性中心主义对中国女性的他者化呈现。

Pearl S.Buck grew up on the cultural borderland between China and America.The intercultural oral environment not only provided her with stories from which she drew her first literary nourishment,but also made her writing focus on the common destiny of all human beings,especially the fate of women.Buck's contribution to Chinese culture and literature is manifested in her concern for the life of those Chinese people at the bottom of the society,her insistence on literature to serve the common people,and her determination to“speak for”Chinese women suppressed by the patriarchal culture.In her writing,women weave traditional culture and ethical values into daily life through popular and vivid oral forms,not only showing the long-lasting influence and constructive role of cultural memory,but also breaking through the monopoly of male discourse,thus successfully deconstructing the western and male representations of Chinese women.