莎士比亚戏剧中的医学符号——莎剧文化艺术与医学现象之间的关联

Medical Symbols in Shakespeare’s Plays:Analysis on the Relevance between Plays’ Art and Medical Phenomena

科学史家亚沃尔夫曾说,近代的科学是跟着文艺复兴而来的。莎士比亚生活的年代适逢科学革命的时代,医学作为文艺复兴时期重要的科学领域之一,必然成为莎士比亚戏剧中一个不可缺少的特征符号。莎翁所描写的医学现象本身呈现出的科学属性,与当时所推崇的关注人性、崇尚科学的启蒙理性有密切联系。在艺术描写之下,医学不仅具有自身的科学性与生理性,同时也蒙上了一层艺术性和社会性的面纱。本文通过分析莎士比亚戏剧中所存在的医学现象,思考莎士比亚戏剧文化艺术与医学现象两者之间的关联性。将从莎士比亚戏剧中的生理性医学符号、艺术性医学符号和社会性医学符号三个方面简要分析。

“Modern science followed the Renaissance.”Abraham Wolf,a historian of science,once said.The age when Shakespeare lived coincided with the epoch of scientific revolution.Medicine,as one of the most crucial scientific fields,was bound to be an indispensable symbol in Shakespeare’s plays.The scientific attribute,presented by medical phenomena themselves which Shakespeare depicted in his dramas,is closely linked to highly-praised Enlightenment reason at that time,which shows awareness of human nature and advocates science.In his artistic description,medicine not only possesses scientificity and physiology of its own,but also is covered by a poetic veil with artistry and sociality over our eyes in the meantime.The article will reflect the relevance between plays5 art and medical phenomena through analyzing the descriptive terms in Shakespeare’s plays.And we will offer a brief analysis in respect of physiological,artistic and social medical symbols depicted in Shakespeare's plays.