有轨电车-嵌入式轨道曲线啸叫噪声时域建模分析

Time-domain Modeling and Analysis of Curve Squeal Noise Caused by Tram and Embedded Rail Track

有轨电车通过小半径曲线时易产生严重的啸叫噪声,产生机理复杂且影响因素较多,目前曲线啸叫的产生机理及其关键影响因素在国内外研究中并未形成统一认识。基于轮轨摩擦曲线下降特性引起轮轨系统不稳定自激振动的曲线啸叫产生机理,建立有轨电车-嵌入式轨道曲线啸叫噪声时域预测模型,主要包括考虑弹性车轮、嵌入式轨道结构特性的轮轨结构动力学预测模型、轮轨滚动摩擦及轮轨时域自激振动循环预测模型。通过曲线啸叫噪声预测结果与现场试验数据的对比分析,表明建立的有轨电车-嵌入式轨道曲线啸叫噪声预测模型是合理有效的。该预测模型可用于有轨电车通过嵌入式轨道曲线线路时轮轨振动响应、车轮辐射噪声的预测,以及后续的曲线啸叫的关键影响因素调查分析和曲线啸叫噪声控制措施研究。

Severe squeal noise tends to be produced when a tram passes through a small radius curve, its generating mechanism is complicated and there are many influencing factors. At present, the generating mechanism of curve squeal and its key influencing factors have not been formed a unified understanding in domestic and foreign research. Based on the curve squeal generating mechanism of the wheel-rail system unstable self-excited vibration caused by wheel-rail negative friction characteristics, a time-domain prediction model of the curve squeal noise for tram-embedded rail track is established, which mainly includes wheel-rail structural dynamics prediction model considering structural characteristics of elastic wheels and embedded rail track, wheel-rail rolling friction and wheel-rail time-domain self-excited vibration loop prediction model. The comparison and analysis between the curve squeal noise prediction results with the field test data show that the established curve squeal noise prediction model for tram-embedded rail track is reasonable and effective. The model can be used to predict the wheel-rail vibration response, the tram wheel radiated noise when tram passes the embedded rail track curve, and can be used in the subsequent investigation and analysis of the key influencing factors of the curve squeal and the control measures for the curve squeal noise.