海底隧道出入口段驾驶人眼动特征分析与建模

Analysis and Modeling of Driver s Eye Movement Characteristics at the Entrance and Exit of Undersea Tunnel

为海底隧道交通安全运营管理提供依据,研究海底隧道出入口段驾驶人眼动特征变化规律。选取了26名驾驶员在交通状况相近的非高峰时段进行海底隧道实车试验。利用Facelab 5.0眼动仪和照度计采集真实交通状态下海底隧道照度及驾驶人眼动特征指标。基于实测数据,分析了海底隧道出入口段驾驶人眼动特征及车速的变化规律,探讨了眼睑闭合度、眨眼频率、注视时长、车速与照度和坡度之间的关系,并建立了相应回归数学模型。研究结果表明:驾驶人驾车通过海底隧道出入口段时,受照度和坡度变化影响,眼睑闭合度和眨眼频率明显降低;受照度变化影响,注视时长增加,视认难度增加,注意力集中;不同照度及纵坡下车速保持能力存在差异性,平均车速受照度及纵坡坡度影响较大,车速呈现下降-上升-趋于平缓-下降-上升的规律。

In order to provide the basis for the traffic safety operation and management of undersea tunnel,the eye movement characteristics of drivers at the entrance and exit of undersea tunnel were studiedthen.26 drivers were selected to carry out the real vehicle test in the off peak period with similar traffic conditions in undersea tunnel.The illumination and driver s eye movement characteristic index were collected by FaceLAB 5.0 eye tracker and illuminometer under real traffic condition.Based on the measured data,the characteristics of eye movement and the changing law of vehicle speed of drivers at the entrance and exit of undersea tunnel were analyzed.And the relationship between eyelid closure,blink frequency,gaze duration,vehicle speed,illumination and slope was discussed.Moreover,the regression models were established.The results show that while driving through the entrance and exit section of the undersea tunnel,the eyelid closure and blink frequency are significantly reduced due to the change of illuminance and gradient.The fixation time is increased due to the change of illuminance,the difficulty of visual recognition is increased,and the attention is focused.There are differences in different illuminance and the ability to maintain the vehicle speed on the longitudinal slope,and the average speed is greatly affected by the illuminance and the longitudinal slope,the vehicle speed shows the law of descending ascending tending to gentle descending ascending.