大国竞争时代构建中国国家安全学的四维向度

Four Dimensions of Building China's National Security in the Era of Great Power Competition

[目的/意义]当前世界正经历百年未有之大变局,大国竞争加剧,中国也进入了发展转型期和各种内外风险叠加期,国家安全环境面临前所未有的新形势、新特点和新挑战。在“总体国家安全观”战略思想指导下,厘清中国国家安全学在构建过程中应着重聚焦哪些方面,重点研究哪些问题,优先解决哪些难题,以更好地为国家安全的需求需要服务,具有重大现实紧迫性。[方法/过程]从学科、认知、现实需求和国家安全治理四个维度,梳理中国国家安全的阶段性特征和重点难点,结合当前的总体形势和任务需求展开研究。[结果/结论]为适应国家安全的复杂形势,构建中的国家安全学要紧盯需求需要,围绕国家安全的学科属性、认知基础、现实需求和治理体系,重点在这四个维度把好方向做好文章:首先是把准学科属性,推动构建中国特色社会主义国家安全学;其次是基于认知基础,推动学科发展的思辨性和普及性;再次是紧盯现实需求,聚焦中国困境寻求中国答案;最后是探索“中国之治”,为完善国家安全战略文件体系提供理论和智力支撑。

[Purpose/Significance]At present,the world is undergoing a great change that has not happened in a century.The competition among great powers is intensifying.China has also entered a period of development transformation and the superposition of various internal and external risks.The national security environment is facing unprecedented new situations,features and challenges.Under the guidance of the strategic idea of"a holistic approach to national security",it is of great realistic urgency to clarify which aspectsshould be focused,and which problems should be solved first in the process of building China's national security studies,to better serve the needs of national security.[Method/Process]From the four dimensions of discipline,cognition,practical needs and national security governance,this paper combs the phased characteristics,key points and difficulties of China's national security,and carries out the research combined with the current overall situation and task needs.[Result/Conclusion]In order to adapt to the complex situation of national security,the construction of national security studies should on the needs,and focus on four dimensions:the first is to promote the construction of socialist national security with Chinese characteristics based on quasi discipline attributes;the second is to promote the construction of national security with Chinese characteristics based on cognitive basis;the third is to focus on China's Dilemma and seek China's answer;the last is to explore the"rule of China"to provide theoretical and intellectual support for the improvement of the national security strategy document system.