不同种源草珊瑚生长特性及有效成分含量比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Growth Characteristics and Effective Components of Sarcandra glabra from Different Provenances

【目的】对5个种源地草珊瑚进行种植试验,测定其2年生实生苗的株高、地径、叶片形态、根系生长、生物量、叶片光合参数和有效成分含量等,并进行差异性分析,以期筛选出在湖南地区生长适应性强、有效成分含量较高的草珊瑚种源。【方法】采用LI-6400便携式光合仪测定成熟叶片的光合参数,采用HPLC测定异嗪皮啶、迷迭香酸含量,采用热浸法测定浸出物含量,利用主成分分析法对5个草珊瑚种源进行综合评价。【结果】(1)各草珊瑚种源间株高、地径、叶片形态、根系生长及生物量差异显著,其中广西昭平种源株高为35.53 cm,地径为4.03 mm、叶面积为302.99 cm^(2)、根长为508.80 cm、根表面积为150.43 cm^(2),生物量为17.06 g,显著高于其他种源。(2)不同种源净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、气孔导度和蒸腾速率存在显著差异,其中广西昭平种源草珊瑚净光合速率最大、为3.91μmol/m^(2).s,具有较高的光合效率。(3)不同种源异嗪皮啶、迷迭香酸及浸出物含量存在显著差异,其中广西昭平种源异嗪皮啶、迷迭香酸含量较高,分别为3.81、44.08 mg/g,福建三元种源浸出物含量较高、为26.52%。(4)对不同种源在湖南地区的生长适应性进行综合评价结果显示,广西昭平种源>江西九江种源>湖南永定种源>福建三元种源>贵州黔东南种源。【结论】广西昭平和江西九江种源草珊瑚对湖南生长环境具有较强的适应能力和生长潜力。

【Objective】In order to screen out Sarcandra glabra with strong adaptability and high contents of effective components in Hunan Province,the plant height,ground diameter,leaf morphology,root growth,biomass,leaf photosynthetic parameters and effective component contents of 2-year-old seedlings of S.glabra from five provenances were measured and analyzed.【Method】The photosynthetic parameters of mature leaves were determined by LI-6400 portable photosynthetic apparatus,the contents of isozinpidine and rosmarinic acid were determined by HPLC,and the contents of extracts were determined by hot dipping method.The five provenances of S.glabra were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.【Result】(1)There were significant differences in plant height,ground diameter,leaf morphology,root growth and biomass among different provenances.The plant height,ground diameter,leaf area,root length,root surface area and biomass of S.glabra from Zhaoping,Guangxi were 35.53 cm,4.03 mm,302.99 cm^(2),508.80 cm,150.43 cm^(2) and 17.06 g,which were significantly higher than those of other provenances.(2)There were significant differences in net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO_(2) concentration,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate among different provenances.The net photosynthetic rate of S.glabra from Zhaoping Guangxi was the highest,which was 3.91μmol/m^(2).s.(3)There were significant differences in the contents of isofraxidin,rosmarinic acid and extract among different provenances.The contents of isofraxidin and rosmarinic acid of S.glabra from Zhaoping Guangxi were higher,which were 3.81 mg/g and 44.08 mg/g,respectively,while the content of extract from Sanyuan,Fujian was higher,which was 26.52%.(4)According to the results of a comprehensive evaluation on the growth adaptability of different provenances in Hunan,the adaptability was showed as:Guangxi Zhaoping provenance>Jiangxi Jiujiang provenance>Hunan Yongding provenance>Fujian Sanyuan provenance>Guizhou Qiandongnan provenance.【Conclusion】S.glabra from Zhaoping of Guangxi and Jiujiang of Jiangxi have strong adaptability and growth potential to the environment of Hunan.