6个国外引进橡胶树品种产排胶特性研究

Study on the Latex Physiological Characteristics of Six Introduced Hevea brasiliensis Varieties

【目的】分析6个国外引进橡胶树品种的产排胶特性,为丰富橡胶树产排胶理论和品种的扩大种植提供依据。【方法】以国外引进的6个橡胶树品种为研究对象,RRIM600为对照种,测定树皮次生乳管数量、刀次胶乳产量、干胶含量、排胶初速度及蔗糖、无机磷、镁离子和硫醇等参数指标。【结果】热试11-107平均株次干胶产量73.9 g,树皮次生乳管平均16.3列,蔗糖含量8.58 mmol/L,同时有较高的硫醇含量、排胶初速度和较低的堵塞指数;热试11-9平均株次干胶产量14.5 g,为所有品种中最低,蔗糖含量15.32 mmol/L,显著高于其他品种,硫醇含量和排胶初速度均显著低于其他品种;热试11-39各测定参数分析结果与热试11-9相近;热试11-1、热试11-2和热试11-3株次干胶产量与对照种相当,硫醇含量0.64~0.70 mmol/L,显著高于对照种,蔗糖含量4.37~5.17 mmol/L,显著低于对照种。【结论】热试11-107具有较好的产排胶特性,产胶潜力大;热试11-9和热试11-39胶乳再生不足;热试11-1、热试11-2和热试11-3胶乳稳定性良好,排胶顺畅,糖的利用效率高,但产胶潜力一般。

【Objective】The latex physiological characteristics of six introduced Hevea brasiliensis varieties were analyzed to provide a basis for the enrichment of latex production and flow theory and expanding the planting of H.brasiliensis.【Method】With RRIM600 as the control,the number of secondary laticifer and the latex parameters of six introduced H.brasiliensis varieties,such as latex yield,dry rubber content,initial flow rate,content of sucrose,phosphorus,Mg2+and thiol were measured.【Result】The dry rubber yield of Reshi11-107 was 73.9 g per plant,the average number of secondary laticifer was 16.3,the content of sucrose was 8.58 mmol/L,with higher thiol content and initial flow rate and lower plugging index.The dry rubber yield of Reshi11-9 was 14.5 g per plant(the lowest among the 6 varieties),and the sucrose content was 15.32 mmol/L,which was significantly higher than that of the other varieties,while the thiol content and initial flow rate were significantly lower than those of the other varieties.The determined parameters of Reshi11-39 were similar to those of Reshi11-9.The thiol content was 0.64-0.70 mmol/L in Reshi11-1,Reshi11-2 and Reshi11-3,significantly higher than that of the control,while the sucrose content was 4.37-5.17 mmol/L,significantly lower than that of the control.Compared to the control,there was no significant difference in dry rubber content.【Conclusion】Reshi11-107 had better latex physiological characteristics and good potential in latex production.The regeneration of latex in Reshi11-9 and Reshi11-39 was insufficient.There were better latex stability,smooth latex flow,high sugar utilization efficiency,and general latex production potential in Reshi11-1,Reshi11-2 and Reshi11-3.