油烟净化器对餐饮VOCs排放和光化学特征的影响

Influence of fume purifier on VOCs emission characteristics and photochemical reaction of catering

选取了北京市21家餐饮企业,检测了净化器前端和后端的挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)的浓度水平,经油烟净化器净化后,烷烃类、烯烃类、含氧VOCs类和苯系物类污染物的排放平均浓度分别为(714.62±212.17),(264.88±94.58),(374.72±57.48)和(174.93±55.19)μg/m^(3),烯烃类污染物中仅对四氯乙烯有明显的浓度降低效果.根据净化器对VOCs污染物的去除效果,有35.7%的净化器净化效率为负值.烯烃类污染物是餐饮油烟污染中臭氧生成的最重要的前体物,占总臭氧生成潜势的48.2%~50.7%.苯系物成为餐饮业排放污染物中二次有机气溶胶(SOA)的主要前体物,占总SOA生成潜势的95%以上.

21 restaurants in Beijing were selected to examine the concentrations of VOCs before and after fume purifiers.The results showed that the average concentrations of alkane,alkene,oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)and benzene series were(714.62±212.17),(264.88±94.58),(374.72±57.48)and(174.93±55.19)μg/m^(3),respectively.Among alkene compounds,only the concentration of tetrachloroethylene significantly decreased after fume purifying.Interestingly,the VOC-removal efficiency for 35.7%of fume purifiers was negative.As the most important precursors of ozone,ozone formation potential(OFP)of alkene compounds counted for 48.2%~50.7%of total OFP.Benzene series had become the most important precursor of secondary organic aerosol(SOA)in the restaurant emissions,accounting for more than 95%of the total SOA potential.