从论辩理论和交互主观性看“差点儿没VP”的语义识解

The Semantic Construal of"chadianr mei VP"from the Perspective of Argumentative Theory and Inter-subjectivity

本文对"差点儿没VP"结构进行新的探讨。从论辩理论出发指出"差点儿"是正向的论辩算子,能够引导听话人朝着好的、积极的方向对"差点儿没VP"进行语义解读。其中"没"不是羡余成分,它除了具有表达主观性的功能外,还体现出交互主观性特征,具体表现为:1)引导听说双方分别构建两个对立的认知心理空间;2)引导听话人取消原有的心理预期和推断。在"差点儿"正向论辩方向的作用下,这两方面相互整合共同促进听话人对"差点儿没VP"结构的语义理解。总体而言,"差点儿VP"具有描述事件状况的客观性特征,而"差点儿没VP"具有表达言语主体视角的主观性和交互主观性。

This paper intends to revisit the structure"chadianr mei VP".On the basis of argumentative theory,"chadianr"is a positive argumentative operator,which guides listeners to understand"chadianr mei VP"positively.In the structure,"mei"is not a redundancy.Besides the function of expressing subjectivity,it also embodies the feature of inter-subjectivity,which is manifested in,1)instructing communicators to build two opposite cognitive mental spaces,2)instructing listeners to cancel the original mental expectation and inference.Under the effect of the argumentative direction of"chadianr",the above two functions are integrated to propel listeners to understand"chadianr mei VP"structure.On the whole,"chadianr VP"is objective,while"chadianr mei VP"is subjective and inter-subjective.