鱼礁护岸结构设计与布置研究以及流场效应分析

Design and Arrangement of Reef Revetment Structure and Analysis of Flow Field Effect

研究鱼礁在内陆河岸的现实应用对于鱼类栖息地修复工作具有重要意义。结合海洋鱼礁工程,将鱼礁块体应用于山区河道作为新型生态护岸结构,设计鱼礁护岸块体的结构尺寸;利用有限元对鱼礁及鱼礁场周围流场进行数值模拟,研究不同布置方式下的鱼礁流场效应。结果表明:以目标鱼类突进游泳速度作为上限,5 m作为鱼礁块体的布置间距较合理;内陆护岸工程中宜采用直线型布置方式,上升流与背涡流体积更大,能量损失更多,阻水效果更好。研究结果旨在丰富内陆河道护岸形式,并为鱼礁在护岸工程中的应用提供理论依据。

It is of great significance to study the practical application of the reef on the inland river bank for the restoration of fish habitat.Based on the marine reef engineering,the reef block is applied to the mountain channel as a new ecological revetment structure,the structure size of the reef revetment block is designed,the flow field around the reef and reef field is simulated by using the finite element method,and the reef flow field effect under different arrangement modes is studied.The results show that the swimming speed of target fish is the upper limit and the spacing of 5 m is reasonable.In inland revetment engineering,it is appropriate to adopt the linear arrangement mode,for larger volume of upwelling flow and back eddy flow,more energy loss and better water resistance effect.The research results aim to enrich the inland river revetment form and provide theoretical basis for the application of fish reef in revetment engineering.