士山盘铭考辨及史料价值发微

Research on the Inscriptions of Shishan Pan and Its Historical Value

本文在前辈学者的研究基础上,对士山盘铭文做了再度考察,认为"大虘"与"登铎"中的"■"可能是同一方国,在今南阳盆地附近;盘铭中提到的"士山"的"征服",并非是为周王征纳贡物,而是奉王命为"纳■侯"一事调集方国力量;"鄀方"在盘铭中一再出现,是因该方国为本次纳君行动的"东道主";"士山"以士的身份接受册命,当与他出身"虎贲"系统有关;盘铭所见的特殊册命形式揭示了"临时册命"制度的存在;盘铭还展现了西周中期外服政治的等级化与实效性,显示出西周政体并不松散的一面。

This paper makes a further study of the inscriptions on Shishan Pan. "Cuo"(■)in"Dacuo"(大虘)and "Dengduo"(登铎)may be the same Fangguo(方国), neared Nanyang Basin;The"Conquest"of "Shishan"(士山)is not to collect tribute for the king of Zhou, but to mobilize the power of Fangguo for"sending the Marquis of Zhong(■)back to country"according to the king’s order;The reason why "Ruofang"(鄀方)appears again and again in this inscription is that it is the "host"of this operation;The reason why "Shishan"accepted the order as a Shi is that he came from the " Huben"(虎 贲)system;The special form of appointment reflected in the inscriptions reveals the existence of"temporary appointment"system;The inscriptions also show the hierarchy and effectiveness of the Waifu (外服)politics in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which shows that the political system of the Western Zhou Dynasty was not loose.