湖南德夯风景名胜区油脂植物资源调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of oil plant resources in Dehang scenic spot of Hunan province

通过前期野外调查、标本数据整理以及文献查阅,对湖南省德夯风景名胜区油脂植物资源进行统计分析。结果表明:该区油脂植物共有90科239属429种;含种数在15种以上的优势科有8个,分别是豆科、蔷薇科、樟科、大戟科、忍冬科、百合科、卫矛科和芸香科;含种数在10种以上的优势属有2个,分别是荚蒾属、山胡椒属;生活习性以木本为主;该区油脂植物区系地理成分科级水平上以泛热带分布和世界分布为主,属级水平上以泛热带分布和北温带分布为主,种级水平上主要集中在东亚分布和中国特有分布。该区油脂植物种类丰富,用途广泛,含油量在40%以上的有40种(18科22属),资源开发与利用潜力较大。德夯风景名胜区与湘西地区整体油脂植物资源特征一致,与武功山、井冈山、庐山、壶瓶山油脂植物区系地理成分特征大体一致。

Through field investigation, specimens data collation and literature searching, the oil plant resources in Dehang scenic spot of Hunan province were statistically analyzed. The results showed that 429 species of oil plants belonging to 239 genera and 90 families distributed in this area. There were eight dominant families of oil plants with more than fifteen species, which were Fabaceae, Rosaceae, Lauraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Liliaceae, Celastraceae and Rutaceae. There were two dominant genera of oil plants with more than ten species,which were Viburnum and Lindera. The life-form of the oil plants was mainly woody. The distribution elements of the oil plants in this area were dominated by pantropical and cosmopolitan elements in the family level, pantropical and north temperate elements in the generic level, and mainly concentrated in East Asia and endemic to China at the species level. The oil plants in this region were abundant and versatile. There were 40 species belonging to 18 families and 22 genera with oil contents higher than 40%, which showed that the oil plants in Dehang scenic spot had great potential for resource development and utilization. Dehang scenic spot was consistent with Xiangxi in the characteristics of the oil plant resources, and was roughly the same with Wugongshan Region, Jinggang Mountain nature reserve, Lushan nature reserve and Huping Mountain national reserve in the distribution elements of the oil plants.