补充民主政制:人民信访制度的再阐释

Supplementary Democratic Political System:A Reinterpretation of Public Complaints&Proposals System

长期以来,部分人存在对信访制度误解的现象,认为信访就是上访、信访就是人治、信访就是维稳。这些误解的产生源于人们对信访制度的本质认知不清、对信访制度的定位不准。信访制度是我国民主政治制度的有益补充,是一种补充民主政制。就本质而言,信访制度是一种民主制度,它是低门槛的民主、弹性的民主、直接民主、超越科层制的民主和群众民主。就定位而言,信访制度作为民主政制是补充性的。它是对我国人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度、基层群众自治制度等民主政治制度的有益补充。信访制度因其独特的民意表达机制、权利救济机制、民主监督机制和政治认同机制,通过嵌入、代偿、兜底和纠错等方式,成为中国特色社会主义民主政治制度的有益补充。

For a long time,there has been a widespread demonization of Public Complaints&Proposals System in society.It is believed that public complaints&proposals are petitions,mle of man&the maintenance of stability.These demonization phenomena are caused by people’s unclear cognition of the nature of Public Complaints&Proposals System and insufficient understanding of its orientation.Public Complaints&Proposals System is a beneficial supplement to China’s democratic political system and a supplementary democratic political system.In essence,it is a kind of democratic system,which is a kind of democracy with low threshold,flexible democracy,direct democracy,democracy beyond bureaucracy and mass democracy.As far as positioning is concerned,Public Complaints&Proposals System is complementary as a democratic system.It is a useful supplement to China’s democratic political systems,such as the system of people’s congresses,the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC,the system of regional ethnic autonomy,and the system of community-level self-governance.Because of its unique mechanisms of public opinion expression,right relief,democratic supervision and political identity,Public Complaints&Proposals System has become a useful supplement to the socialist democratic political system with Chinese characteristics by means of embedding,compensating,helping those most in need and correcting mistakes.