中国古代生业研究--对“生业与社会”栏目的总结和思考

Study of the Living and Working in Ancient China——The Summary and Thinking to the Column"Means of Livelihood and Society"of Cultural Relics in Southern China

历时6年,"生业与社会"栏目已经开设23期。我们的研究范围涉及15个省市自治区的40余处遗址的人骨考古、动植物考古、古DNA研究、碳氮稳定同位素分析和环境考古;还包括对多种动植物种类开展专题研究;对全国各个地区自新石器时代到青铜时代的生业状况进行系统而全面地探讨,划分发展阶段;对于与礼仪性相关的活动也有研究;另外还有对于方法论的探讨等。今后,我们要继续推动发表单个遗址的研究成果,同时要注重在有条件的单个遗址中,开展包括动植物考古、古DNA研究、同位素分析和环境考古在内的多角度的分析,以求更加全面地认识当时的生业状况。我们要继续推动专题研究,在一定的时空范围内探讨生业与社会的各个方面,以求深化研究的内涵,拓展研究的领域。我们要继续推进生业考古相关学科的建设,立足标准化和规范化建设。我们要继续鼓励青年学者挑大梁,推动青年学者在研究中发挥更大的作用。

It has been six years since the la unch of the"Subsistence and Society"section.In the past six years,23issues have been published covering over 40 sites in 15 provinces exploring topics ranging from archaeology of human bones,zooarchaeology,archaeobotany,a DNA analysis,isotope analysis to environmental archaeology.Other studies include special focuses on particular plant and animal species,reviews and reassessments of the subsistence in particular regions from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age,investigations in to ritual activities,and discussions on theories and methodologies.In the future we will continue to report subsistence studies on every single site.At the same time,we will also encourage multi-dimensional studies integrating different lines of evidence from archaeobotany,zooarchaeology,a DNA analysis,isotope analysis and environmental archaeology to achieve a comprehensive understanding of past subsistence.Studies with special focuses are also welcome in order to unpack the entanglement of subsistence and various social factors against certain regional contexts and within corresponding time-windows.In this way,in-depth research of previously untapped fields are attempted.We will be devoted to modify disciplines relevant to subsistence studies,especially in terms of their standardisation and normalisation processes.We will make effort to provide more chances for young researchers and encourage them to gradually play the major role in future research.