缘起:中国动物考古学的多学科之路

The Origin of Multidisciplinary Approach to Chinese Zooarchaeology

经过90年的发展,中国动物考古学业已取得了不俗的成绩,这与动物考古学研究方法的不断深化和扩展紧密相关。20世纪80年代以来,各种自然科学方法不断纳入动物考古学的研究体系,中国动物考古学逐步形成一条多学科合作之路。本文系统回顾了碳氮稳定同位素分析、锶同位素分析、古DNA研究和有机残留物分析等自然科学方法在中国动物考古学研究中应用和发展的历史,并依次对它们所取得的成绩进行了重点推介。笔者对中国动物考古学的多学科之路的前景抱有非常乐观的态度,认为需要深化和细化研究方法,扩展和深入研究内容,从而更好地由资源、生业和技术的角度揭示古代人类与动物相互依存的历史。

After 90 years’development,Zooarchaeology in China has made remarkable achievements,which is closely related to the deepening and expanding of Zooarchaeological methods.Since the 1980 s,various natural scientific methods have been incorporated into the research system of Zooarchaeology in China.In this paper,I reviewed systematically the history of the application and development of the natural scientific methods,such as Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotope analysis,Strontium isotope analysis,ancient DNA research and organic residue analysis.Then,I introduced their achievements in turn.The author holds a very optimistic attitude towards the multidisciplinary approach to Zooarchaeological study in China,and believes that it is necessary to deepen and refine the research methods,expand and deepen the research content,so as to better reveal the interdependent history of ancient human and animals from the perspective of resource,subsistence and technology.