纺织工业遗产保护与再生经典范例研析——美国马萨诸塞州洛厄尔市布特工厂

RESEARCH ON A CLASSIC EXAMPLE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY HERITAGE SITE CONSERVATION AND REGENERATION:BOOTT COTTON MILLS IN LOWELL,MASSACHUSETTS,USA

美国马萨诸塞州洛厄尔市布特工厂的整体保护与活化再生是洛厄尔国家历史公园建设和城市复兴计划的重点项目之一。本研究对布特工厂的环境概况及其所依存的纺织工业城市洛厄尔的历史演变进程进行了概括的介绍和总结,梳理提出了布特工厂的厂区时空演变格局,剖析了厂区中建筑的形制渊源及其变化特征。在此基础上,分析论述了在整体结构保护框架下的厂区建筑群功能更新与环境景观营造对策,以及在历史信息保护前提下的布特纺织工业博物馆空间布局与形式延承的理念和方法。最后,阐述了对遗产价值的认知及其所引发的思考。

The overall protection and adaptive reuse of the Boott Cotton Mills is one of the key projects of Lowell National Historical Park and urban renewal plan.This paper briefly introduces the environmental situation of the Boott Cotton Mills and the historical evolution process of Lowell,the industry city in which the Boott Cotton Mills is located.Then it puts forward the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of the Boott Cotton Mills and traces back to the origins of architectural form and change characteristics of the building in the Mills.On this basis,the paper analyzes measures for the functional renewal of the building complex in the Mills and landscape environment building under the overall framework of protection,as well as the concept and method of spatial layout and architectural style inheritance of the Boott Cotton Mills Museum based on historical information preservation.Eventually,it focuses on the values of the heritage site and the reflection it evokes.