从“追求效率”走向“承载公平”——共享城市研究进展

FROM THE EFFICIENCY IN SHARING ECONOMY TO THE EQUALITY IN SHARING PARADIGM:A LITERATURE REVIEW ON SHARING CITY STUDIES

共享经济新浪潮席卷了全球生产、生活领域,对我国城市产生了广泛的经济、社会、文化甚至政治影响。为顺应共享理念带来的思想变革,塑造共享城市治理新范式,本文首先阐述了共享经济的概念定义、驱动因素及表现类型,并批判性地指出其"效率与公平"的失衡问题;其次,从"经济模式"和"社会行为"两个维度,梳理了共享范式的转型理论,阐释其"效率与公平"的协调发展主张;最后,结合国际共享城市经典案例,提出将"智慧治理"和"协同治理"分别作为未来共享城市治理的效率策略和公平策略。希望通过系统介绍共享城市相关理论与实践研究进展,提升我国城市规划和建设在践行"共享"发展理念时的治理水平。

The new wave of sharing economy has swept the global production and life areas,and has exerted extensive influences on the economic,social,cultural,and even political aspects of Chinese cities.In order to adapt to the ideological changes brought about by the concept of sharing and to establish a new paradigm of sharing city governance,this paper first expounds on the definition,driving factors,and performance types of the sharing economy and points out the imbalance between its"efficiency and equality"from a critical perspective.Then,the paper analyzes the sharing paradigm shift theory and puts forward the coordinated development of"efficiency and equality"from the two dimensions of"economic model"and"social behavior".Finally,through studying the classic cases of sharing city in the world,the paper proposes to take"smart governance"as the strategy for efficiency and"collaborative governance"as the strategy for equality in the sharing city governance in the future.By systematically introducing the related theoretical research and practical progress of sharing cities,this paper hopes to improve the governance level of urban planning and construction in the development of"sharing"concept in China.