基于综合权重和物元可拓模型的城市道路运行状态评价

Evaluation of Urban Road Operational Status Based on Comprehensive Weight and Matter Element Extension Model

为了改进传统的城市道路交通运行状态评价方法,确定合适的交通评价指标,以三角模糊数法和熵权法确定的综合权重作为评价指标权重的取值依据,并且基于物元可拓模型构建了城市道路运行状态评价方法。首先为了避免单一指标评价的片面性,在总结基础性指标和特征性指标的基础上,提出了以平均行程速度、饱和度和延误时间比3个指标作为城市道路交通运行状况评价指标;其次根据物元可拓原理,确定了经典域物元、节域物元、待评物元以及关联数,并且引入三角模糊数法和熵权法计算指标的综合权重以避免指标权重的绝对主观性和绝对客观性,然后利用物元的可拓性对综合评价指标进行分析。最后为了验证模型的有效性,以西安市南二环路东段长安中路与雁塔北路之间路段的实测数据为例,分别利用物元可拓模型和模糊评价法对该道路的运行状况进行了评价,证明了该方法的优越性。研究发现模糊综合评价法和物元可拓评价法结果的趋势基本相同,但是模糊综合评价法根据最大隶属度原则只能判断出该指标值属于某个评价区间;而基于物元可拓方法不仅能反映出与评价区间临界值的贴近程度,还能反映各指标与各等级之间的联系程度、以及将指标之间的不相容问题转换成相容问题。

In order to improve the traditional urban road traffic operation state evaluation method and determine the appropriate traffic evaluation indicators,taking the comprehensive weight determined by the triangular fuzzy number method and the entropy weight method as the basis for the value of the evaluation indicator weight,and the method for evaluating urban road operation status is constructed based on the matter element extension model.First,in order to avoid the one-sidedness of single indicator evaluation,based on summarizing the basic and characteristic indicatores,the indicatores of average travel speed,saturation and delay time ratio are proposed as the evaluation indicatores of urban road traffic operation.Then,the classical domain matter element,the node domain matter element,the matter element to be evaluated,the associated number are determined according to the matter element extension principle,the comprehensive weight of the indicators is calculated by introducing the triangular fuzzy number method and the entropy weight method to avoid the absolute subjectivity and absolute objectivity of the the indicator weight,and the comprehensive evaluation indicators are analyzed by the extensibility of matter element.Finally,In order to verify the effectiveness of the model,taking the measured data of the section between Chang’an Middle Road and Yanta North Road in the east section of South Second Ring Road in Xi’an City for example,the operation status of the road is evaluated by the matter element extension model and the fuzzy evaluation method,and the the superiority of this method is proved.It is found that the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the matter element extension evaluation method are basically the same,but the former can only judge that the indicator value belongs to a certain evaluation interval based on the principle of maximum membership degree,while the latter not only can reflect the degree of closeness to the critical value of the evaluation interval,but also can reflect the connection degree between each indicator and each level,and can convert the incompatibility problem between indicatores into compatibility problem.