电化学流体电容器的研究进展

Research progress of electrochemical flow capacitors

能源和环境是21世纪的两大主要问题。规模化储能技术和器件的研发日趋重要。电化学储能系统因其能量密度高且对地理条件没有特殊要求而受到广泛关注。电化学流体电容器结合了液流电池能量高和超级电容器功率密度高的优点,是该类储能系统的重要代表。半固态流体电极是该类器件的核心,但其微观结构比较复杂,通常涉及流变学、界面化学和电化学等交叉学科,是当前研究的重点。该文综述了目前关于电化学流体电容器电极微结构设计、器件设计以及表征和测试方法等方面的研究进展,并讨论了今后研究的关键科学问题与重点研究方向。

Energy and environment are two principle themes in the 21st century. The research and development of large-scale energy storage technology and devices are becoming more important. Electrochemical energy storage(EES) system has attracted extensive attention due to its high energy density and no special requirement for geographical conditions. Electrochemical flow capacitor(EFC) is an important representative of EES system, which combines the advantages of high energy of flow battery and high power density of supercapacitor. Semi-solid flow electrode is the core part of this kind of device, but its microstructure is relatively complex, usually involving rheology, interface chemistry, electrochemistry and other cross-scientific issues, which is the focus of current research. The research progress of electrode microstructure design, and device design, characterization and testing methods on electrochemical flow capacitor is reviewed. The key scientific issues and important research directions in the future are discussed.