乳腺X线和超声检查对乳腺癌筛查的研究进展

Research progress of breast X-ray and ultrasound examination in breast cancer screening

目前,乳腺癌是一种女性常见的恶性肿瘤,发病率较高,临床中致死率也非常高,对患者的健康与生命造成十分严重的威胁。近年来乳腺癌的发病率逐渐呈年轻化趋势。乳腺癌临床症状主要有乳房肿块、局部不适、乳头凹陷等,而乳腺癌的早期筛查是当前社会中公认为有效提高生存率和降低死亡率的方法。因此,对于乳腺癌应做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗。目前西方发达国家在乳腺癌的筛查方面已取得十分明显的成效,并且积累出了丰富的临床经验,有效地降低了此类患者的死亡率。我国因为乳腺癌筛查工作起步较晚,以往采取单一的超声检查的检出率低,临床中的各项措施均在不断摸索,操作流程制订相对不完善。因此,本文通过分析乳腺X线与超声检查在乳腺癌筛查中的应用,并结合当前临床中的实际情况做出相应的对策,为后续临床诊断工作提供参考和建议。

At present,breast cancer is a common malignant tumor in women. The incidence rate is higher,and the mortality rate is also very high in clinic,which is a serious threat to the health and life of patients.The incidence rate of breast cancer has gradually become younger in recent years. The clinical symptoms of breast cancer mainly include breast lumps,local discomfort,nipple depression and so on. Early screening of breast cancer is currently recognized as effective method to improve the survival rate and reduce the mortality rate. Therefore,breast cancer should be detected,diagnosed and treated early. At present,western developed countries have made obvious achievements in breast cancer screening,and accumulated rich clinical experience,which effectively reduce the mortality rate of such patients. Due to the late start of breast cancer screening in China,the detection rate of single ultrasound detection is low in the past,various clinical measures are constantly being explored,and the operation process formulation is relatively imperfect. Therefore,this paper analyzes the application of breast X-ray and ultrasound examination in breast cancer screening,and combines with the actual situation of the current clinical to make the corresponding countermeasures,in order to provide reference and suggestions for the follow-up clinical diagnosis.