肺结核患者心理状态影响因素及干预研究进展

Research progress on influencing factors and intervention of psychological state of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

相关研究结果显示,影响肺结核患者的心理因素有很多,其中主要包括病原菌对患者的中枢神经系统造成的影响、病情的复发、痰菌的不同等。除此之外,患者个人原因,比如年龄、教育程度、性别等均能够影响患者自身的心理状态。近年来,由于医疗技术的不断进步和发展,在对肺结核患者治疗措施的研究上,也取得了明显进步。由于肺结核属于比较严重的疾病,不仅对患者造成身体上的伤害,而且容易使患者产生负性情绪,严重者可影响治疗效果。在临床实践中,许多学者只关注患者的疾病和宿主方面,很容易忽视其他方面,如对患者进行治疗时的不同阶段、社会环境因素等对心理造成的影响。临床医师需结合患者的心理特点,给予心理支持,调动患者对治疗的积极性,提升患者的依从性,改善患者的治疗效果。本文阐述了影响患者心理状态的因素,了解和掌握肺结核患者的心理状态,找出肺结核患者在护理上存在的问题,并对相应的干预措施进展进行综述,为临床改善肺结核患者心理状态提供理论依据。

Related study results show that there are many psychological factors affecting patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,mainly including the effects of pathogens to patients’ central nervous system,the recurrence of the disease,the difference of sputum bacteria and so on. In addition,the patient’s personal reasons,such as age,education level,gender and so on,can affect the patient’s own psychological state.In recent years,due to the continuous progress and development of medical technology,the research on treatment measures for tuberculosis patients has also made relative progress. As tuberculosis is a relatively serious disease,it not only causes physical injury to patients,but also easily causes negative emotions,which can affect the treatment effect. In clinical practice,many scholars only pay attention to the disease and its host,and it is easy to ignore the impact of other aspects on psychological state,such as the different stages of treatment,social environment factors and so on. Clinicians need to combine the psychological characteristics of patients,give psychological support,mobilize their enthusiasm for treatment,and improve the compliance of patients,and improve the treatment effect of patients. This paper expounds the factors influencing the psychological state of patients,understands and grasps the psychological state of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,finds out the problems existing in the nursing of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis,and summarizes the progress of corresponding intervention measures,so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the psychological state of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.