“张献忠屠蜀”历史记忆建构与清王朝前期政治合法性塑造--以《明史·流贼列传》为中心

The Construction of the Historical Memory of“Zhang Xianzhong Slaughtered Shu”and the Shaped of Political Legitimacy in the Early Qing Dynasty:Centering on the Biographies of Thieves in the History of the Ming Dynasty

清朝前期,朝廷编纂了《明史》。其中《流贼列传》建构了张献忠在四川残杀普通百姓和读书人、不得天命和清军为百姓复仇而入川的历史记忆。在私史中,认同清王朝的《蜀碧》等在内容上与官修《明史》正面呼应,持反清立场的《罪惟录》等则建构出不同的历史记忆,但受到清王朝压制。这些行为塑造,维护了清王朝进军四川乃至入主中原的政治合治性。

In the early Qing Dynasty,the court compiled TheHistory of Ming Dynasty.Among them,biographies of thieves construct the historical memory of Zhang Xianzhong slaughtering ordinary people and local scholars in Sichuan,forbidding the destiny of heaven,and the Qing army entering Sichuan for revenge for the common people.Since then,the Shu Bi in the private history of Qing Dynasty echoed The History of Ming Dynasty positively in content,while the Crime Records,which took an anti-Qing position,constructed different historical memories to compete with it,but it was suppressed by the Qing Dynasty.This safeguarded the political legitimacy of the Qing Dynasty.