不同原产国大豆质量指标差异的研究

Study on the differences of quality items of soybeans imported from different countries

目的揭示不同国家大豆基本理化品质的异同点。方法搜集巴西、美国、阿根廷、乌拉圭进口国大豆样品750份,对其脂肪、蛋白质、水分等质量指标进行测定。基于这些指标,对不同原产国大豆之间的差异进行了分析,同时探讨年份对这些差异的影响。结果巴西大豆脂肪含量较高,阿根廷大豆蛋白质含量显著低于其他国家大豆(P<0.0001),乌拉圭大豆则是水分含量较高;年份对大豆脂肪含量有影响,但年份差异远小于地区差异。结论不同国家大豆的质量指标具有明显区别,本研究可为了解不同原产国大豆理化品质特点、建立大豆产地溯源技术提供数据参考。

Objective To reveal the similarities and differences of the basic physical and chemical qualities of soybeans in different countries. Methods Totally 750 soybean samples from Brazil, the United States, Argentina and Uruguay were collected, and the quality items including fat, protein and moisture were determined. Based on these items, the differences between soybeans from different countries of origin were analyzed, and the influences of harvest years on these items were also discussed. Results The fat content in Brazil soybeans was higher. The protein content of Argentina soybeans was significantly lower than that of other countries(P<0.0001). The water content of Uruguay soybean was higher. The difference of soybeans between harvest years was far less than the soybeans from different countries. Conclusion The quality items of soybeans from different countries are obviously different. This study can provide data reference for understanding the physical and chemical quality characteristics of soybeans in different countries of origin and establishing the traceability technology of soybean origin.