传统伦理的多维解构——论阎真小说中的根本焦虑

Multi-dimensional Deconstruction of the Traditional Ethics--On the Fundamental Anxiety in Yan Zhen's Novels

阎真的小说始终贯穿着一个根本的焦虑,即传统伦理遭受到多个维度的冲击与解构之后,知识分子陷入了信仰危机,导致物质上的拜金主义与价值观上的相对主义盛行。对于这一问题,阎真在作品中隐约地提出了两种解决方案:一种是通过回溯传统伦理来重新确立道德标杆;另一种是借用美学上的救赎去实现对于矛盾的超越。然而传统伦理所能发挥的效用毕竟有限,而美学上的救赎实际上并不能解决知识分子所面临的现实困境,只能是一种诗意的自我安慰。当代知识分子精神世界的重建,要用法律保障其基本的个人权利,并给予他们更多的思想自由,这才是当代知识分子精神重建的前提和基础。

There is a fundamental anxiety throughout Yan Zhen's novels,i.e.material money worship and relativism of values prevailing among the intellectuals in crisis of belief facing deconstruction of the traditional ethics under multi-dimensional impact.To this problem,two solutions are vaguely suggested by the novelist in his works:1)re-establishing the moral benchmark by tracing back to the traditional ethics;and 2)transcending the contradiction through aesthetic salvation.Effect of the traditional ethics is,however,limited while aesthetic salvation is a form of poetic self comfort rather than a practical solution to the realistic dilemma faced by the intellectuals.The reconstruction of the spiritual world of the contemporary intellectuals requires as premise protection of their basic individual rights and greater freedom of thought by law.