认知特征视野下的“玄学”——道家激进的具身认知观

The“Metaphysics”in the View of Cognition Characteristics--On the Taoist Radical Embodied Cognition

中国古代儒道思想的体知是中国古代心理学思想的具身认知,但儒道思想历来存在分歧。以表征、运算特征为线索,融合现象学视角可诠释儒、道具身认知之差异,澄清儒家是“温和派”,道家是“激进派”;对道家主要的“玄”范畴——“道”“气”“势”“象”作“激进”心理学化的解读,进而与西方激进具身认知进行比较,力图全面展现道家激进具身认知的特点及其独特贡献。

The embodiment in ancient Chinese Confucianism and Taoism is embodied cognition in ancient Chinese psychological thought.However,Confucianism and Taoism have never agreed to each other.Taking representations and computation characteristics as clues,the authors first explain the differences between embodied cognition of Confucianism and that of Taoism before clarifying that the Confucian embodied cognition belongs to the“moderate school”while the Taoist embodied cognition belongs to the“radical school”from the phenomenological perspective.Likewise,the authors present their psychological interpretation as to why the major Taoist“metaphysics”categories-Tao,Qi,Shi,Xiang-are“radical”by taking the characteristics of representations and computations as clues from the perspective of phenomenology so as to compare them with Western radical embodied cognition.In addition,the Taoist views of emotions and the emotional views of radical enactivism could also be dialogue.This article tries to fully illustrate the characteristics and unique contributions of Taoist radical embodied cognition,so as to open up new vision for Taoism research in the psychological field and promote research on development of embodied cognition in China.