增材制造聚乳酸脂与碳纤维核心温度对比研究

Comparative Study of Core Temperature Between Polylactic Acid and Carbon Fiber During Additive Manufacturing Process

为了测量增材制造(additive manufacturing,简称AM)过程中层叠结构打印模型内部核心的温度变化特征,通过将光纤光栅(fiber bragg grating,简称FBG)传感器植入两种耗材(包括碳纤维与聚乳酸脂)的模型内部,研究在增材制造过程中两种打印耗材的材料特性,实现两种材料模型在增材制造打印制作过程中任一时刻模型内部核心温度变化的对比,同时考虑打印工艺参数分别对两种材料模型的温度变化影响,采用材料的填充密度值分别为20%,40%,60%,80%,100%,两种材料5种填充密度,共制备了10种不同的试样做对比研究。试验结果表明,利用FBG传感器的高灵敏测量特性,发现在增材制造打印的过程中,材料的打印过程可以根据典型的温度变化有效地划分为5个不同的典型阶段。填充密度越大的模型,核心温度会更高,100%填充密度下AM过程中模型核心最大温度较20%填充密度下高10℃。60%填充密度AM过程中碳纤维模型核心最大温度较聚乳酸脂模型有最大差值,此时碳纤维模型核心温度较聚乳酸脂模型高5℃。

To measure core temperature change inside the models during additive manufacturing(AM)process,fiber bragg grating(FBG)sensor is inserted into the model during printing process to realize the purpose of this measurement. Two kinds of materials including polylactic acid and carbon fiber are used during the printing process for exploration of the properties of 3 D printing materials. Also contrastive analysis is conducted among the two materials. Five infill density values are used including 20%,40%,60%,80%,100%. Based on two kinds of materials and five kinds of infill density,10 kinds of different samples are fabricated for comparative study.Test results reveal that the AM process of the model can be divided into 5 typical stages. The higher the infill density of the model,the higher the core temperature of the model. The maximum core temperature of the model in AM process with 100% infill density is 10 ℃ higher than that with 20% infill density. The maximum difference of maximum core temperature between the model made in carbon fiber and polylactic acid in AM process is at 60% infill density with the core temperature inside model of carbon fiber 5 ℃ higher than that of polylactic acid.