论清代粤商对书院办学的影响

On the Impact of Cantonese Merchants on Academy Running in Qing Dynasty

清代广州的书院分为合祠书院与官办书院两类。从教育的范畴来说,前者主要为同族子弟提供科考的落脚之地,后者则重在开班授课。官办书院通过商人捐资办学,其中有不少官方干预的措施,尤以学海堂为典型代表,可以看出在官方的导引下,清代粤商活动对书院办学的必然影响。

In Guangzhou in Qing Dynasty,there were two categories of academies:the ones run by joint family temples and the ones run by the government.From the view of education,the former mainly provided landing place for the juniors from their agnate group to take imperial examination,while the latter focused on offering class teaching and talent training.The government-run ones obtained funds from donations by merchants,and interfered by the government.Xuehai Tang was a typical example to indicate that the activities of Cantonese merchants in Qing Dynasty had an inevitable impact on the running of academies under the guidance of the government.