出土简牍所见秦至汉初的县廷令史

Lingshi of County Court from Qin Dynasty to Early Han Dynasty According to Unearthed Bamboo Slips

令史作为县廷的属吏,在秦至汉初的县廷中拥有广泛的职能,协助县长吏处理文书行政、簿籍管理、县官买卖、出仓入仓、循行府庙、治狱和镇压盗贼等各方面的事务。伐阅是选任令史的主要途径;此外,史学童也可通过两次考核升任令史,但人数较少。令史的秩次直接影响俸禄,虽然收入有俸禄、月食和赏赐,但总收入还是比较微薄,即便有车马和休假的优待,待遇总体而言也并不是太好。

As a subordinate officer of county court,Lingshi had a wide range of functions in the county court from Qin Dynasty to the early Han Dynasty.He assisted the county magistrate to deal with various affairs,such as document administration,record management,county official trading,going in and out of warehouse,inspecting the treasury and temple,administering prison and suppressing thieves and so on.Achievements and qualifications are the main approaches to the appointment of Lingshi.In addition,Shixuetong can pass the examination twice and become Lingshi,but the number is small.The rank of Lingshi has a direct impact on salary.Although there is salary,monthly subsidy and reward,the total income is still relatively low.Even if there are preferential treatments of chariots and horses and vacation,the treatment is not good on the whole.