围生期颅内静脉窦血栓形成一例报道并文献复习

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis during Perinatal Stage:a Case Report and Literature Review

颅内静脉窦血栓形成(CVST)是一种特殊类型的脑血管病,各年龄段均可发病,在口服避孕药、围生期妇女中更为多见,其临床表现多样,病情发展迅速,若未及时诊治会引起严重的神经系统损伤,甚至死亡。本文介绍了1例就诊于陕西省人民医院神经内二科的围生期CVST患者的资料,回顾了2010—2021年围生期CVST相关文献,并总结了其临床特点:围生期CVST病因可分为感染性与非感染性,此外还需排查遗传性血栓形成的相关疾病;临床上主要表现为颅内高压和局灶性脑损伤,还可以表现为精神症状、发热等;颅脑CT可表现为“条索征”“脑组织肿胀”等,颅脑磁共振静脉造影(MRV)常表现为静脉和静脉窦部分或全部的充盈缺损;认为早期诊断并及时抗凝能够减少对患者的影响,并改善其预后。

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)is a special type of cerebrovascular disease,which can occur in all ages,and is more common in oral contraceptives and perinatal women.Its clinical manifestations are diverse and the disease develops rapidly.If it is not diagnosed and treated in time,it will cause serious neurological damage and even death.This article introduced the data of a patient with perinatal CVST in the Second Department of Neurology,Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,reviewed the literature on perinatal CVST from 2010 to 2021,and summarized its clinical characteristics:the cause of perinatal CVST can be divided into infectious and non-infectious.In addition,it is necessary to investigate the related diseases of hereditary thrombosis.Clinically it is mainly manifested as intracranial hypertension and focal brain damage,and can also be manifested as mental symptoms,fever,etc.Craniocerebral CT can be manifested as"strip sign""brain tissue swelling"and so on.Craniocerebral magnetic resonance venography(MRV)often manifests as partial or complete filling defects of veins and venous sinuses.It is believed that early diagnosis and timely anticoagulation can reduce the impact on patients and improve the prognosis.