机场跑道摩擦系数影响因素研究

Research on influencing factors of friction coefficient in airport runway

飞机在起降过程中需要一定的轮胎-跑道表面摩擦力来进行减速和转向控制,飞行员及时获取跑道状况和摩擦系数对飞行安全至关重要。影响机场跑道摩擦系数的因素有很多,最常见的因素有速度和跑道表面存在的水。本文研究了跑道表面水膜厚度、测试车行驶速度对跑道摩擦系数的影响。使用GT测试车和SFT测试车在不同的条件下进行试验,分别进行两种测量方法相关性对比试验、水膜厚度试验和速度试验。结果表明:当速度低于60km/h时,两种测量方法的结果最大相差0.03;随着速度和水膜厚度的增加,跑道摩擦系数呈现下降的趋势,两种因素对跑道摩擦系数具有很大的影响。

In the process of taking off and landing,the aircraft needs a certain tire-runway surface friction for deceleration and steering control,and timely reporting the runway condition and friction coefficient to the pilot is very important for flight safety.There are many factors affecting the friction coefficient of airport runway.The most common influencing factors are the presence of water on the runway surface and taxiing speed.In this paper,effects of the thickness of water film on the runway surface and the driving speed of the test vehicle on the friction coefficient are studied.Grip Tester car and Surface Friction Tester car are used to carry out tests under different conditions,including correlation comparison test,water film thickness test and speed test.The test shows that when the speed is lower than 60 km/h,the maximum difference between the two measurement methods is 0.03.With the increase of speed and water film thickness,the friction coefficient decreases,which has a great influence on the runway friction coefficient.