政策工具选择的适配均衡与协同治理——基于社会组织政策文本的研究

Adaptive Equalization and Collaborative Governance of the Choice of Policy Tools--Research Based on Social Organization Policy Text

中国社会组织的发展兴衰与外部政策环境密切相关,社会组织政策文本作为“前台内容”呈现政策主体的行动逻辑、手段和目标。在公共政策文本研究中,政策工具选择是主要研究视角,行为主体依据政策目标选择政策工具。对社会组织政策文本进行内容和社会网络量化分析,可以发现政策工具以强制性为主,激励性为辅;政策目标强调管理监督和培育发展并重;政策网络兼具主体多元与合作治理特征。进一步通过交叉分析,可以发现政策工具与政策目标、政策主体之间存在适配性和协同度的问题。因此,从政策工具选择视域出发,社会组织政策可从适配均衡和协同治理两方面进行优化。

The development and decline of Chinese social organizations is closely related to the external policy environment.The text of social organization policies as the“foreground content”presents the policy logic,means,and goals of the policy subjects.In the research of public policy texts,the choice of policy tools is the research focus,and actors choose policy tools based on policy goals.With a quantitative analysis of social organization policy texts,our research finds that policy tools are mainly mandatory,supplemented by incentives;policy goals emphasize both management supervision and cultivation and development;policy networks have multiple subjects and cooperative governance characteristics.Through a cross-analysis,we find that there are problems of adaptability and synergy between policy tools,policy objectives and policy subjects.From the perspective of the choice of policy tools,we suggest adopting adaptive equilibrium and collaborative governance to optimize social organization policy.